Excercises
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8. LAW AND SOCIAL JUSTICE
Ques 1. Talk to two workers (For example, construction workers, farm workers, factory workers, workers at any shop) to find out if they are receiving the minimum wages laid down by law.
Ans. These workers are not receiving the minimum wages.
1. Construction workers: They do not receive the minimum wages.
2. Farm workers : They do not receive the minimum wag
3. Factory workers: They receive minimum wages
4. Workers at the shop: They get minimum wages.
Ques 2. What are the advantages to foreign companies in setting up production in India?
Ans. The main advantages to the foreign companies in setting up production in India are:
1. Availability of cheap and wide space.
2. Cheap labour, low wages
3. Cheap raw material.
4. Government incentives.
5. High unemployment
6. Ignorance of accommodation/Housing facilities
Ques 3. Do you think the victims of the Bhopal gas tragedy got justice? Discuss.
Ans. No, the victims are still not rehabilitated. the people are still fighting for justice: for safe drinking water, for health care facilities and compensation.
i) As still civil and criminal cases are pending in pending in Madhya Pradesh Court .
ii) After 25 years of struggle the judgement was given in June 2010 with a simple punishment of $ 2,000 and two years of simple imprisonment.
iii) The people are still waiting for the justice to the victims.
Ques 4. What do we mean when we speak of law enforcement? Who is responsible for enforcement? Why is enforcement so important?
Ans. i) When we speak of law enforcement, we mean that the provisions of law must be applicable to all the people without any discrimination .
ii) The government is responsible for this. It must see that the law that it has made is applicable to all, without any discriminations.
iii) Enforcement of law is important because in case any law is not enforced or weakly enforced, there may occur serious disaster. Eg. Bhopal gas tragedy.
iv) It took place only because the safety laws lag in the country and even these weak safety laws were not enforced.
Ques 5. How can laws ensure that markets work in a manner that is fair? Give two examples to support your answer.
Ans. Law can ensure that markets work in a manner that is fair by ensuring the enforcement of law .
Ex 1– Anti Child Labour Act must be enforced, not a single child must be allowed to work in shops, tea stalls and restaurants etc.
The government should control the activities of individuals or private companies.
Ex 2.Law against hoarding and black marketing must be enforced in such a way that stringent punishment be given to the violators of the law and the hoarded goods must be forfeited/confiscated.
×Ques 6. Imagine yourself to be a worker working in a chemical factory, which has received orders from the government to move to a different site 100 kms away from the present location. Write about how your life would change? Read out your responses in the classroom.
Ans. My life would drastically change with the change of factory site.
i) Problem in searching a house and it may/may not suit to the income.
ii) Problem may arise for the children’s education. If good school is not located in that area they have to be sent to the far off places.
iii) It may be away from the cities, lack the facilities which will be in a developed area.
iv) Family expenditures may hike which will affect the budget of the family.
Q 7. Write a paragraph on the various roles of the government that you have read about in this unit.
Ans. The government is liable to the welfare of its people.
i) It ensures that public facilities like water, electricity, public transport, sanitation etc are made available to everyone.
ii) It makes laws to protect the interest of workers.
iii) The Minimum Wages Act specifies that wages should not be below a specified wage.
iv) The government enforces the law so that employers may not exploit their workers by paying the low wages.
v) Through making, enforcing and upholding such laws the government tries to control the activities of individuals or private companies , contractors so as to ensure social justice.
×Q8. What are the sources of environmental pollution in your area? Discuss with respect to
(a) air; (b) water and (c) soil. What are the steps being taken to reduce the pollution?
Can you suggest some other measures?
Ans. The sources of environmental pollution in our area are:
• Air: transport and factories emitting more hazardous gases.
• Water: disposal of factories waste in rivers, lakes, immersion of idols, throwing the garbage, disposing the dead creatures, disposal of medical wastes etc.
• Soil: it is getting polluted by spraying the hazardous chemicals and pesticides, dumping of the industrial chemical waste into the soil, by throwing the polythene bags which is not mixing up into the soil.
Steps taken to control the pollution:
• Old vehicles should be banned. pollution norms should be checked strictly.
• Industries or factories should be shifted from the town area limits.
• Immersion of idols, disposal of wastes in rivers should be avoided.
• Avoid the polythene bags and shift to bio degradable bags.
• Plantation of plants in industries, open areas etc can control the air pollution.
Ques 9. How was environment treated earlier? What has been the change in perception? Discuss.
Ans. i) Environment was treated as free entity. Industrialists have polluted the air, water, soil without caring for the health of people.
ii) The Bhopal gas tragedy brought change in perception. The Indian Government introduced the new laws on the environment.
iii) Now the people have realised that environment is something that people over generations will share, and it could not be destroyed merely for industrial development.
v) With industrialisation we are facing the problem of Global warming and climate change and many spices got extinct.
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