Class 10. Ch 4 Globalisation
Q1.How does foreign trade lead to integration of markets across the countries? Give any three examples.
Answer
Foreign trade is the main channel which connects the markets of various countries. Foreign trade lead to integration of markets across the countries as follows :
• Creates opportunities for the producers to reach beyond the domestic markets or the markets of their own countries.
• Import of goods from various countries provides choice of goods for consumer beyond the goods that are produced domestically.
• Producers of different countries compete with each other although they are thousands of miles away.
Q2.Where do MNCs Set-up their production units? Explain.
Answer
• MNCs Set-up production units at such a place where they can produce their goods at a minimum cost.
• The place where markets are closer.
• The place where skilled and unskilled labour is available at low cost.
• Other factors of production are assured. Government policies are favourable.
Q3.In recent years how our markets have been transformed? Explain with examples.
Answer
Transformation of our markets:
• There is relatively a wide choice of goods and services before us in the market. The latest models of digital cameras, mobile phones and televisions made by the leading manufactures of the world are within our reach.
• Every season new model of automobile can be seen on Indian roads and the Indian are buying vehicles produced by the top companies of the world.
• A similar explosion of brands can be seen for many other goods: from shirts to televisions to processed fruit juices.
Q4.Enumerate any three features of Multinational Corporations.
Answer
• They Set-up their factories and offices in more than one country.
• They Set-up their units where the cost of production is low and higher profits can be earned.
• They set up their units where they can get cheap labour and other resources.
Q5.“A wide ranging choice of goods are available in the Indian markets.” Support the statement with examples in context of Globalisation.
Answer
A wide ranging choice of goods:
• The latest models of the digital cameras, mobile phones and televisions made by world’s leading manufacturers of the world are available in the local market.
• New models of automobiles can be seen on Indian roads.
• Consumer now get a wide range of variety of a product at cheaper prices.
Q6.Explain with three examples how top Indian companies have been benefited from Globalisation.
Answer
Several top Indian companies have been able to benefit from Globalisation:
• They have invested in newer technology and production methods and raised their production standards.
• Some have gained from successful collaborations with foreign companies.
• Globalisation has enabled some large Indian companies to emerge as multinational themselves. For example: Tata Motors and Infosys.
Q7.How has Globalisation created new opportunities for companies providing services in India? Explain.
Answer
• Globalisation has created new opportunities for companies providing services particularly those involving IT.
• The Indian company producing a magazine for the London based company and call centres are some examples.
• Besides, a host of services such as data entry, accounting, administrative tasks and engineering are now being done cheaply in India and are exported to the developed countries
Q8.What is Globalisation? Explain.
Answer
• Globalisation is a process of rapid integration or interconnection between countries through foreign trade and foreign investments by multinational Corporations (MNcs).
• More and more goods and services, investments and technology are moving between countries.
• Globalisation is the integration between countries through foreign trade and foreign investments by Multinational Companies (MNCs).
Q9.How can the benefits of globalisation be shared better? Explain.
Answer
The benefits of Globalisation can be shared better in the following ways:
• The government policy must protect the interest, not only of the rich and the powerful, but of all the people in the country.
• The government can ensure that labour laws are properly implemented and workers get their rights.
• It can support small producers to improve their performance till they become strong enough to compete.
• It can use trade and investment barriers
Q10.“Foreign trade is an important component of globalization”. Explain any three points in this regard.
Answer
• Foreign trade implies exchange of goods and services across the countries.
• It helps to expand the size of market for producers.
• Producers and consumers can get commodities produced in any part of the world.
• It works to integrate markets in different countries.
Q11.Describe the impact of globalisation on small producers.
Answer
• The small producers were hit badly by globalisation as they have limited resources.
• They could not stand the competition and had to shut down. Some industries like batteries, capacitors, plastics, toys, tyres, dairy products and vegetable oils are the industries which have suffered a lot.
• Due to this, a lot of people lost their jobs and faced unemployment.
Q12.How has information and communication technology stimulated globalisation process? Explain with examples.
Answer
Rapid improvement in technology has stimulated the globalisation process:
• Transportation technology has made much faster delivery of goods across long distances possible at lower costs.
• There are even more remarkable developments in information and communication technology.
• Telecommunication facilities are used to contact anyone around the world, to access information instantly, and to communicate from remote areas.
Through internet, one can obtain and share information on almost anything. It also allows to send e-mail and talk across the world at negligible costs.
• For example a news magazine published for London readers is to be designed and printed in Delhi. The text of the magazine is sent through Internet to the Delhi office. The designers in the Delhi office get orders on how to design the magazine from the office in London using telecommunication facilities. The designing is done on a computer. After printing, the magazines are sent by air to London. Even the payment of money for designing and printing from a bank in London to a bank in Delhi is done instantly through the Internet.
Q13.Globalisation has been advantageous to consumers as well as to producers.’’ Support the statement with suitable examples.
Answer
Globalisation has been advantageous to producers in the following ways:
• The producers now have access to the international markets.
• Globalisation has also enabled free movement of capital, i.e., via electronic transfers, etc.
• Globalisation has enabled access to foreign investment in capital and technology via Foreign Direct Investment, etc.
Globalisation has been advantageous to consumers in the following ways:
• Globalisation has also given rise to intense competition due to opening up of markets to foreign companies. As a result, this has led to the increase in product quality and decrease in the prices of the products.
• The consumers have benefited from the arrival of MNCs as they have now larger choice in the goods that are available to them in the market.
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